Optimal storage temperature and humidity for lithium batteries

Store lithium-ion batteries at the appropriate temperature.

The typical storage temperature range for lithium-ion batteries in households or storage units is usually within the safe storage range for lithium batteries. The safe storage temperature range is quite wide, as shown in the following figure.

Storage Time Storage Temperature Range Storage Humidity Range

1 month -20℃ to 45℃ 65±20% RH

3 months -20℃ to 35℃ 65±20% RH

1 year -20℃ to 25℃ 65±20% RH

However, in extreme weather conditions, issues such as shortened battery life may occur. If you live in a very cold or very hot area, avoid storing lithium-ion batteries in outdoor sheds without taking appropriate precautions (such as using additional insulation materials, heating pads, or cooling devices). These types of temperature fluctuations can cause the battery to expand and contract, leading to reduced battery capacity and potential damage.

Take preventive measures for long-term storage.

Try not to store lithium batteries for too long without use. If long-term storage (more than six months) is unavoidable, charge the battery to 50% - 70% of its capacity, remove it from the device and store it in a dry and cool place. Recharge the battery every three months to prevent irreversible capacity loss due to low battery power caused by self-discharge over a long period of time.

3. Adjust the humidity

The optimal humidity level for safely storing lithium-ion batteries is 65 ± 20% RH. When the humidity is too low, dew in the air may cause rust on the battery terminals, leading to short circuits or even fires. To reduce humidity, desiccants can be used or the batteries can be stored in packaging.

4. Store at the optimal battery level

When a lithium-ion battery is fully charged, it operates at a higher voltage, which puts pressure on the battery and shortens its overall lifespan. On the other hand, storing a battery with insufficient charge may lead to deep discharge, causing severe damage. Lithium-ion batteries discharge at a slower rate when partially charged, thereby extending the battery's lifespan. When storing, it is best to keep the battery's charge between 40% and 50%.

5. Precautions for Storing Lithium Batteries

Lithium batteries should be stored in a dry and well-ventilated environment. Excessive humidity may cause chemical reactions inside the battery, thereby damaging its performance and even posing a danger. Therefore, it is best to keep lithium batteries in a place with a relative humidity of less than 80% and avoid exposing them to damp conditions.

The storage temperature of lithium batteries should be within a certain range. Generally speaking, the optimal storage temperature range for lithium batteries is 0℃ to 25℃. Within this temperature range, the self-discharge rate of the battery is relatively slow, which can effectively extend the battery's lifespan. If the temperature is too high or too low, the performance and lifespan of the battery will be affected. Therefore, when storing lithium batteries, it is important to avoid exposing them to extreme temperatures, such as direct sunlight in high temperatures or cold environments.

Lithium batteries should be kept away from fire sources and flammable materials. When exposed to external heat sources, lithium batteries may experience thermal runaway and even cause fires. Therefore, when storing lithium batteries, they should be kept away from open flames, high-temperature objects, and flammable items to ensure the safety of the storage environment.

Lithium batteries should be protected from severe physical shocks or vibrations. Due to the sensitive nature of the chemicals inside lithium batteries, severe shocks or vibrations may cause damage to the battery, and even lead to leakage or explosion. Therefore, when storing lithium batteries, they should be placed in a fixed position to avoid the influence of external forces.

The storage time of lithium batteries also needs attention. Lithium batteries that are not used for a long time may experience self-discharge, resulting in a reduction of battery power. Therefore, when storing lithium batteries, it is necessary to regularly check the battery power and charge them appropriately to maintain their performance.

When storing lithium batteries, precautions should be taken against theft and moisture. In some special circumstances, such as long-term storage in warehouses or during sea transportation, lithium batteries may be at risk of theft or moisture exposure. Therefore, when storing lithium batteries, a safe and reliable storage location should be chosen and corresponding anti-theft and moisture-proof measures should be taken to ensure the safety and performance of the batteries.

The storage environment requirements for lithium batteries include dry and well-ventilated conditions, an appropriate temperature range, keeping away from fire sources and flammable materials, avoiding severe impacts or vibrations, paying attention to storage time, and taking precautions against theft and moisture. Only when these requirements are met can lithium batteries maintain good performance and safety. Therefore, when using and storing lithium batteries in daily life, we should pay special attention to these environmental requirements to ensure the normal operation and use of the batteries.